Copper-alloy, 6.55 grams, 58.33 mm. 12th-15th century AD. The Mordvinians' material culture developed from Rus-influenced Baltic fashions, among which is a form of penannular brooch in which the terminals evolved into long, rhomboidal plates. The present example comprises a round-section bar formed into a split hoop, with plain rhomboidal extension. Reference: Sedov, V.V. Finno-Ugri i Balti v Epokhy Srednevekoviya. Fine condition, lacking pin. Provenance: from an old German collection.